In this part of the training, we will explore the four main attachment patterns children can experience in early childhood. We will discuss the pivotal role that secure versus insecure family of origin attachment has on a child’s subsequent ability or inability to self-soothe, regulate their emotional states, and allow for trust and vulnerability in all their subsequent relationships. Participants will learn about the profound reverberating emotional and neurological impact of neglect as well as dismissive, ambivalent, and disorganized attachment patterns. We will also process the challenge that abused and neglected children face, and the price they pay, when they are forced to attach to caretakers who are emotionally unavailable or toxic. We will address the window of tolerance and its impact on hypo-arousal and hyper-arousal. Therapists must make sure that clients are in the optimal window during sessions, otherwise, insight and integration cannot occur.